With the development of science and technology and the progress of human civilization, after agriculture primary agriculture, agricultural and traditional modern agriculture development in the 20th century, relying on a large number of inputs such as pesticides, chemical fertilizers, a development by leaps and bounds, the Western developed countries and some developing countries, food is fully able to meet the needs of people in number. But modern agricultural of development also caused has serious of environment and resources problem, sky bi water increasingly less, arable land, and coal, and oil, resources increasingly shortage, especially food of security problem more was concerns, as pesticide fertilizer, harmful real residues, and BSE, and foot-and-mouth, and avian influenza, and GM, problem increasingly highlight, people on industrial pollutants and the drug residues through food chain passed and against human health of awareness also increasingly clear, protection environment, and guarantees food security of calls constantly improve.
Many countries and regions of the world, for the protection of food safety has developed a series of standards and norms. The Government is also actively promoting the development of pollution-free food, and, in 2001, in Beijing, Shanghai and other cities launched the "action plan for pollution-free food", and published a number of national and industry standards, to ensure farm produce safety and played a huge role in promoting people's physical health. But pollution-free food is the most basic of food safety problems to solve, meet the people's most basic safety requirements, although it is possible to fit the current domestic market demand, but mainly the development of organic food in the world, China's pollution-free food in many areas have yet to be fully in line with international standards, it is difficult to enter the international market.
With signing of the trade liberalization agreements, international trade "barriers" gradually decreased in order to "protect human, animal or plant life and health, protection of the environment" as an excuse to "green barriers" continue to emerge. Not only the conventional agricultural products, even after certification of pollution-free agricultural products, also often encounter in the international market "green barriers". With the improvement of people's living standards further, as "pollution-free food" gradually, in the domestic market, people will naturally look to demand "organic food".
"Organic food" refers to comes from organic agricultural production systems, based on the basic principles of organic agriculture and organic food production standards and production or processing, and through specialized certification bodies certification of food products. Organic agriculture is to follow the laws of nature and ecology, coordinate planting and breeding balance by using a series of sustainable agricultural technologies to maintain sustained and steady agricultural production system in agricultural production, is a promotion of bio-diversity, and the biosphere cycles and soil biological activity of ecological production management system. Organic agricultural in philosophy Shang stressed "and natural order phase harmony", advocates rely on natural of biological cycle, focused on reasonable rotation, and cropping and intercropping interplanting; China traditional philosophy thought attention "Heaven relationship", stressed people and natural of coordination, in agricultural Shang rely on through application organic fertilizer culture fertilizer to force, stressed for to, and for Shi, and for real business should be of "three should be" farming principles, attention agriculture and forestry Mu combined, and intensive, and reasonable rotation,. Organic agriculture and China's traditional agriculture in the concepts and technologies there are a lot of similarities, absorbing thousands of accumulating the essence of traditional agriculture, modern organic agriculture development in China has a unique advantage.
Organic gardening is an important part of organic agriculture, in accordance with basic principles and requirements of organic farming, combined with fruits, vegetables and other horticultural characteristics of plant, follow the specifications of organic agricultural production, production of clean and safe production of horticultural products.
Horticultural products including fruit, vegetables, tea, flowers and so on, compared with grain crops such as wheat, soybeans, corn, more intensive production of horticultural products need more labor and technology. Than ordinary production of organic gardening products gardening products and needs more workers and more intensive technology, this abundant labor resources, with "intensive" traditional, organic horticulture has very obvious advantages and bright future, our horticultural products than other agricultural products more competitive on the international market. However, vegetables, fruits and other easily contaminated by toxic and harmful substances, and on safety production of horticultural products is particularly striking, it encounters "green barrier" the possibility of higher-than-other agricultural products, according to organic farming methods produce horticultural products can break through this barrier.
At present, most international trade in organic agricultural products are fruits, vegetables, tea, horticultural products, national practices of organic farming is to start organic gardening. Horticultural plants in China is rich in resources, labor force, with the development of horticultural production advantage, but after joining the WTO, the safety and quality of horticultural products has become a bottleneck for exports, developing organic gardening is gardening industry and into the world of an important way to promote horticultural production, increase farmers ' income is important.
Organic gardening is an important component of organic farming, but it is in operation with rice, wheat and other crops as the main object of organic agriculture significantly different, is different from the horticultural production in the conventional sense, it is actually the basic principles of organic agriculture in the production of conventional gardening embodiment is a new production system.
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